Abnormal Periods

Definition of Normal Periods

In order to know if your periods are abnormal, you need to know first what is normal!

There are 3 components to defining “normal” for a menstrual cylce:

1. Frequency: Every 21 - 35 days.

   Count the number of days from the first day of bleeding to the first day of bleeding the following month

2. Duration: 7 days or less

   Count the number of days of bleeding

3. Volume: 80mL or less

   This is most difficult to measure! Some will consider using more than 8 pads or tampons per day as too much. If you are anemic or have low iron storage, it may be due to periods that are too heavy

Definition of Abnormal Periods

Any frequency, duration or volume of bleeding outside the normal range, that lasts for at least three months. A “blip” here and there is okay.

What causes abnormal periods?

There are many reasons why you could have irregular bleeding. We typically think of these as structural versus non-structural.

Structural:

1. Polyps

2. Adenomyosis

3. Fibroids

4. Cancer/ pre-cancer

Non-structural

1. Bleeding disorder

2. Ovulatory dysfunction = “hormonal imablanace”

3. Endometrial dysfunction

4. Medications

5. Not otherwise specified

How do I figure out the cause?

This is individualized to the person based on their story and risk factors. Common tests include pelvic exam, bloodwork and possibly other lab tests, ultrasound, biopsy of the lining of the uterus, and review of medications.

How do I regulate my cycle?

This depends on the cause and will be individualized to you.